One may use the wipal-find-data-dups command to search some invalid data frames. It looks into traces on a per-sender basis for successive duplicate data frames (it only considers non-retransmitted frames). Such cases should not occur in theory -– as it ignores retransmissions, successive data frames from the same sender should at least show variations in their sequence numbers. Surprisingly, some traces contain such anomalies: identical data frames that are not retransmissions and are only spaced by a few milliseconds. We have no explanations why some datasets exhibit those phenomena.
e.g.:
wipal-find-data-dups foo.pcap.0:foo.pcap.1:foo.pcap.2